在测序步骤中,DNA测序的质粒模板准备是最耗费时间的。目前的模板准备方法需要一定劳动强度和多步骤过程,需要24小时时间,最终得到质量和量有差异的DNA。TempliPhi™ DNA测序模板扩增试剂盒省去了测序前的细菌多步培养,并解放了目前制备方法在离心时和转移步骤中需要的人工。基于滚环扩增(RCA)技术和利用细菌噬菌体ø29 DNA聚合酶,该试剂盒可以在4小时内直接从单个菌落克隆得到2-3µg模板。
TempliPhi DNA测序模板扩增试剂盒是一个独特的产品,用来制备DNA测序模板。该方法利用细菌噬菌体ø29 DNA聚合酶通过滚环扩增(Rolling
Cycle Amplification,RAC)[Lizardi,P. et. al., Nat.Genet. 19,225-32(1998).]来指数性扩增环状DNA模板。这一等温扩增反应能够在几小时内从皮克量的起始材料得到微克量的DNA。极小量模板DNA的体外扩增避免了传统需要细胞过夜培养和质粒或M13制备过程。
扩增反应的起始材料可以是从琼脂上挑取的克隆(建议不超过50个细胞)、液体培养基的细菌培养物或者甘油保藏菌种(不超过1µl)、BAC、M13噬斑、M13培养上清、fosmid、lambda载体、微升体积的纯化DNA,都可以直接加入反应混合物中。扩增过程在4-6小时内,30°C下进行,不需要热循环。由于可以节约细菌培养的时间,使得扩增和测序在一天内完成,无需特殊的仪器,可以高通量自动化进行,真正节约了宝贵的时间和经费。需要注意的是由于反应非常灵敏,因而要求干净的实验环境和良好测操作流程以避免DNA污染,另外由于过多的培养基或者琼脂可能抑制扩增,挑菌落时应尽量避免挑入琼脂,液体培养基建议用常规1x
LB,并且体积不超过1微升。
从1—100pgDNA的起始材料,4—6小时反应得到
1—1.5µg(from 100 and 500 reaction kit)或者是3—4µg(from 10000
reaction kit)的高纯度DNA。反应得到的产物是高分子量的线性双链,是加入的扩增模板的串联重复拷贝。如果是M13克隆,扩增产物是双链,可以用正向引物或者反向引物测序。扩增的DNA可以被直接用于各型号测序仪进行测序反应而不需要任何纯化,适用于DYEnamic™
ET Terminator 和ABI
PRISM™ BigDYE™ 。高纯度的DNA有助于读出更长的测序结果(相比传统纯化方法)。
一个384孔板克隆来源于Thermotoga subterranea (Tsu) 80%甘油储存的文库,按下列条件扩增:
* 1µl培养物被转移到9µl TempliPhi变性缓冲液中,95°C加热3分钟以裂解细胞
* 冷却到室温。加入10µl TempliPhi预混和物。30°C保温4小时
* 95°C加热5分钟灭活残余酶活性。得到的模板可以直接用于测序
结论
TempliPhi DNA测序模板扩增试剂盒
* 不需要细菌培养和DNA纯化
* 降低实验室用品的消耗
* 等温反应过程,不需要热循环
* 均一性产生微克级DNA
ROLLING CIRCLE AMPLIFICATION原理

Fig 1. A schematic of
the TempliPhi amplification process.
Random hexamer primers anneal to the circular template DNA at multiple sites.
Phi29 DNA polymerase extends each of these primers. When the DNA polymerase
reaches a downstream-extended primer, strand displacement synthesis occurs. The
displaced strand is rendered single-stranded and available to be primed by more
hexamer primer. The process continues, resulting in exponential, isothermal
amplification.

Fig 2.
Kinetics of DNA amplification using TempliPhi 100 Amplification Kit.
1 ng pUC19 DNA was transferred into 5 µl sample buffer and denatured at 95
°C for 3 min. This was then mixed with 5 µl of reaction buffer containing
Enzyme Mix and incubated at 30 °C for 24 hrs. The amount of DNA was quantitated
using PicoGreen™ dsDNA Quantitation Reagents at the indicated times. Data
is representative of triplicate experiment.
好玩的Flash 动画演示:RCA技术原理(animation
explaining rolling circle amplification)
传统碱裂解法纯化质粒和TempliPhi的比较
| Alkaline
lysis method |
TempliPhi
10 000 Reaction Kit method |
TempliPhi
100/500 Reaction Kit method |
| Pick
colony into medium, grow 24 h
Centrifuge to pellet
cells. Remove supernatant
Add TE. Add NaOH/SDS.
Add potassium acetate
Centrifuge. Remove
supernatant to new tube
Precipitate DNA.
Resuspend in TE. Remove
aliquot to sequencing reaction
|
Transfer
sample* into 10µl of Denature Buffer
Denature at 95 ºC
for 3 min. Cool samples to room temperature
Add 10 µl of
TempliPhi Premix
Incubate at 30 ºC
for 4-6 h
Heat inactivate at 95
CC for 5 min. Cool to 4 ºC.
Transfer 1-2 µl
(150-1000 ng amplified product) directly to a 20 µl cycle sequencing
reaction
|
Transfer
< 1 µl of sample into 5 µl of sample buffer
Denature at 95 ºC
for 3 min. Cool samples to room temperature
Mix 50 µl of
Reaction Buffer with 2 µl Enzyme Mix, and add 5 µl of this
mixture to the sample
Incubate at 30 ºC
for at least 4 hrs
Heat inactivate at 65
ºC for 10 minutes (optional)
Transfer 1 µl of
the product directly into a standard cycle sequencing reaction
|