权威医学期刊：80后仅4%有甲流抵抗力

　　

生物通报道，《新英格兰医学杂志》（11月12日）发表了一份研究报告，揭示了不同年龄阶段人群对甲流的抵抗力，Cross-Reactive Antibody Responses to the 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Virus。

 

该报告由来自NIH、NIH旗下过敏与传染病研究所、密歇根大学等多所机构。

 

科学家们对几百位不同年龄的自愿者进行了甲流疫苗抗体检测试验。

 

科学家据检测结果发现，来自1950年前出生的人们的样本的34%（39/115）拥有对该流感的免疫力，相比之下1980年后出生的人只有4%(4/107)。1950年前出生的人抗体滴度高达80以上。

 

该研究还报告说，季节流感疫苗为所有年龄组提供的甲型H1N1流感免疫力很少，或者根本没有。

 

其他类似的研究

来自La Jolla过敏与免疫学研究所疫苗分部的研究人员发现，先前流感感染很可能提供了抵抗当前的H1N1流感病毒大流行的一些免疫力。这些发现可能有助于平息一种担心，即这种H1N1病毒与此前的人类季节流感毒株如此不同，以至于人群没有已经存在的免疫力。，相关成果文章Pre-existing immunity against swine-origin H1N1 influenza viruses in the general human population发表在PNAS上。

 

Bjoern Peters及其同事使用Immune Epitope Database比较了这种H1N1病毒的哪些分子标记可能与此前的季节流感毒株表面上的分子标记类似。这组作者发现了人类的免疫系统能识别这种H1N1病毒表面上与最近的季节流感病毒共享的大约17%的标记。另一种称为T细胞的免疫细胞也能探测被病毒感染的细胞，它能够识别这种甲型H1N1 病毒的69%的标记。这种高比例的识别提示人类和动物预先存在的免疫力可能提供一个阻止大流行毒株的屏障，而且可能有助于削弱广泛感染的影响。

 

尽管，先前感染流感的人们可能具有部分抵抗力（针对交叉抗原），但这些抵抗力却无法像特异性的疫苗一样提供完全的保护力，研究人员表示，仍然需要疫苗来应对这种H1N1流感病毒表面携带的独特标记。

（生物通 小茜）

生物通推荐原文检索

Cross-Reactive Antibody Responses to the 2009 Pandemic H1N1 Influenza Virus

 

Kathy Hancock, Ph.D., Vic Veguilla, M.P.H., Xiuhua Lu, M.D., Weimin Zhong, Ph.D., Eboneé N. Butler, M.P.H., Hong Sun, M.D., Feng Liu, M.D., Ph.D., Libo Dong, M.D., Ph.D., Joshua R. DeVos, M.P.H., Paul M. Gargiullo, Ph.D., T. Lynnette Brammer, M.P.H., Nancy J. Cox, Ph.D., Terrence M. Tumpey, Ph.D., and Jacqueline M. Katz, Ph.D.

 

ABSTRACT

 

Background A new pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus has emerged, causing illness globally, primarily in younger age groups. To assess the level of preexisting immunity in humans and to evaluate seasonal vaccine strategies, we measured the antibody response to the pandemic virus resulting from previous influenza infection or vaccination in different age groups.

 

Methods Using a microneutralization assay, we measured cross-reactive antibodies to pandemic H1N1 virus (2009 H1N1) in stored serum samples from persons who either donated blood or were vaccinated with recent seasonal or 1976 swine influenza vaccines.

 

Results A total of 4 of 107 persons (4%) who were born after 1980 had preexisting cross-reactive antibody titers of 40 or more against 2009 H1N1, whereas 39 of 115 persons (34%) born before 1950 had titers of 80 or more. Vaccination with seasonal trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines resulted in an increase in the level of cross-reactive antibody to 2009 H1N1 by a factor of four or more in none of 55 children between the ages of 6 months and 9 years, in 12 to 22% of 231 adults between the ages of 18 and 64 years, and in 5% or less of 113 adults 60 years of age or older. Seasonal vaccines that were formulated with adjuvant did not further enhance cross-reactive antibody responses. Vaccination with the A/New Jersey/1976 swine influenza vaccine substantially boosted cross-reactive antibodies to 2009 H1N1 in adults.

 

Conclusions Vaccination with recent seasonal nonadjuvanted or adjuvanted influenza vaccines induced little or no cross-reactive antibody response to 2009 H1N1 in any age group. Persons under the age of 30 years had little evidence of cross-reactive antibodies to the pandemic virus. However, a proportion of older adults had preexisting cross-reactive antibodies.