北大新晋院士PNAS文章 肺癌东西部风险评估

　　

生物通报道，最近当选为原始的北大教授陶澍课题组在最新的PNAS上发表研究进展文章Inhalation exposure to ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and lung cancer risk of Chinese population，评估了燃料燃烧和工业过程提高了中国东部的吸入有机化合物的浓度，这可能增加该国这部分地区的居民肺癌的风险。

 

陶澍院士主要从事微量污染物有毒污染物的排放、环境行为、归趋和迁移方面的研究。

 

本研究使用加拿大科学家创建的模型Euler atmospheric transport model评估多环芳烃（PAH）在燃烧和工业排放过程中的浓度，并用于分析中国居民因PAH诱发肺癌的可能性。

 

通过系列的分析比对，陶澍院士发现，中国东部居民患肺癌的几率高过中国西部的居民，在大城市居住的居民患肺癌的几率比郊区居民高。

（生物通 小茜）

 

陶澍，北京大学城市与环境学院教授，环境地理学家。1950年8月生于上海，籍贯江苏无锡。1977年毕业于北京大学地质地理系，1981年、1984年在美国堪萨斯大学先后获硕士、博士学位。现任中国地理学会环境地理专业委员会主任、国际环境毒理与化学学会亚太分会主席、ES&T顾问编委、IEAM副主编及EP、JEGH等国际刊物编委。

 

陶澍主要研究微量有毒污染物排放、行为、归趋和效应等区域尺度环境过程；建立了中国高分辨多环芳烃排放和全球多环芳烃排放清单；证明了同分异构多环芳烃在迁移过程中的分异；建立了多介质源解析方法；在污染物区域环境归趋研究中，建立了具有空间分辨率的多介质模型、阐明了决定土壤中持久性有机污染物空间分异的主要机理、建立多环芳烃从产生、迁移、暴露到健康危害的系统模拟方法、揭示了有机氯农药摄入量与人体组织残留水平之间的定量关系；揭示了多环芳烃呼吸暴露对中国人群的健康危害，将基因易感性等参数的变异特征引入风险模型，定量阐明了健康风险的变异和不确定性。

 

生物通推荐原文检索

Inhalation exposure to ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and lung cancer risk of Chinese population

Yanxu Zhanga, Shu Taoa,1, Huizhong Shena and Jianmin Mab

- Author Affiliations

 

aLaboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; and

bAir Quality Research Division, Science and Technology Branch, Environment Canada, 4905 Dufferin Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M3H 5T4

Edited by Derek Muir, Environment Canada, Toronto, Canada, and accepted by the Editorial Board October 26, 2009 (received for review May 23, 2009)

 

【Abstract】

An Euler atmospheric transport model (Canadian Model for Environmental Transport of Organochlorine Pesticides, CanMETOP) was applied and validated to estimate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) ambient air concentrations at ground level in China based on a high-resolution emission inventory. The results were used to evaluate lung cancer risk for the Chinese population caused by inhalation exposure to PAHs. The uncertainties of the transport model, exposure, and risk analysis were assessed by using Monte Carlo simulation, taking into consideration the variation in PAH emission, aerosol and OH radical concentrations, dry deposition, respiration rate, and genetic susceptibility. The average benzo[a]pyrene equivalent concentration (B[a]Peq) was 2.43 [≈1.29–4.50 as interquartile range (IR)] ng/m3. The population-weighted B[a]Peq was 7.64 (IR, ≈4.05–14.1) ng/m3 because of the spatial overlap of the emissions and population density. It was estimated that 5.8% (IR, ≈2.0–11%) of China's land area, where 30% (IR, ≈17–43%) of the population lives, exceeded the national ambient B[a]Peq standard of 10 ng/m3. Taking into consideration the variation in exposure concentration, respiration rate, and susceptibility, the overall population attributable fraction (PAF) for lung cancer caused by inhalation exposure to PAHs was 1.6% (IR, ≈0.91–2.6%), corresponding to an excess annual lung cancer incidence rate of 0.65 × 10−5. Although the spatial variability was high, the lung cancer risk in eastern China was higher than in western China, and populations in major cities had a higher risk of lung cancer than rural areas. An extremely high PAF of >44% was estimated in isolated locations near small-scale coke oven operations.