人才争夺：美国在拔苗

　　

本所战略研究中心副研究员乌云其其格曾打比方说，在人才培养与争夺方面，发达国家，尤其是美国，不仅在种树，而且在拔苗－－把其他国家的好苗子“移栽”到他们那儿去。最新的例子如下：         自1999年起，美国麻省理工学院主办的《技术评论》杂志每年推出几十位35岁以下的技术创新青年才俊榜单。据麻省理工学院院长Susan Hockfield女士在《华尔街日报》2009年10月20日发表的文章说，2009年上榜的35位35岁以下的技术创新青年才俊中，只有6位是在美国上的高中。其他29位都是在别的国家上的高中，来到美国后崭露头角的。         35人名单如下，其中3个人的姓像是华人姓氏： http://www.technologyreview.com/TR35/  Andrea Armani Sensitive optical sensors detect single molecules Michael Backes Proving that Internet security protocols can really be trusted Jeffrey Bigham Free service to help blind people navigate the Web James Carey Using “black silicon” to build inexpensive, super-sensitive light detectors Jorge Conde Offering consumers whole-genome sequencing--and software to interpret it Ranjan Dash Nanoporous carbon could help power hybrid cars Adam Dunkels Minimal wireless-networking protocols allow almost any device to communicate over the Internet Nathan Eagle Mining mobile-phone data for the public good Cody Friesen Making cheaper, higher-energy batteries to store renewable energy Kevin Fu Defeating would-be hackers of radio frequency chips in objects from credit cards to pacemakers   José Gómez-Márquez Practical medical devices for use in poor countries Jeffrey Heer Easy-to-use tools allow people to present data in creative and interesting ways Andrew Houck Preserving information for practical quantum computing Kurt Zenz House Capturing carbon dioxide through cement production Shahram Izadi An intuitive 3-D interface helps people manage layers of data Ali Javey “Painting” nanowires into electronic circuits Michelle Khine A children’s toy inspires a cheap, easy production method for high-tech diagnostic chips Anat Levin New cameras and algorithms capture the potential of digital images Erez Lieberman-Aiden Quantitative tools offer new insights into evolution Andrew Lynn Repairing joints by stimulating regrowth in bone and cartilage Ellis Meng Micropumps deliver drugs that prevent blindness Pranav Mistry A simple, wearable device enhances the real world with digital information Aydogan Ozcan Inexpensive chips and sophisticated software could make microscope lenses obsolete Shwetak Patel Simple sensors to detect residents’ activities Andrew Perlman Slashing carbon emissions by converting coal into natural gas Ashoke Ravi Using software to send diverse radio signals Vera Sazonova World’s smallest resonator could lead to tiny mechanical devices Elena Shevchenko Assembling nanocrystals to create made-to-order materials Vik Singh Opening up search secrets to spur innovation Dawn Song Defeating malware through automated software analysis Jaime Teevan Using personal information to improve search results C. Shad Thaxton Nanoparticles could treat cardiovascular disease by mimicking “good cholesterol” Andrea Thomaz Robots that learn new skills the way people do Adrien Treuille Complex physics simulations that can run on everyday PCs Cyrus Wadia Identifying materials that could be unexpectedly useful in solar cells

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