中芬科学家发现病毒新品种

　　

  中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所、首都医科大学附属友好医院、湖南省疾病预防控制中心、沈阳市疾病预防控制中心以及芬兰赫尔辛基大学Haartman研究所病毒学系新近合作研究发现，我国不同地区分布的不同东方田鼠亚种，所携带的汉坦病毒因宿主遗传背景及地理分布差异存在明显的遗传多样性，进而从中发现了一种新型汉坦病毒，命名为沅江病毒。相关成果公布在10月的Virus Research上（2007年影响因子，2.87）。  

 

　　据领衔该研究的中国疾控中心传染病预防控制所研究员张永振介绍，遗传与进化分析表明，沈阳地区和吉林抚松地区东方田鼠携带的汉坦病毒S基因片段的核苷酸序列同源性为  0.3%~90.4%  ，同属符拉迪沃斯托克病毒，但为新亚型。从湖南沅江地区汉坦病毒抗原阳性标本中扩增出的S基因片段的核苷酸序列，尽管与符拉迪沃斯托克病毒的同源性为83.5%~86.7%，但  M  基因片段核苷酸的同源性为77%~80%，氨基酸的差异在7%以上。由于其宿主也为一独立亚种，科研人员判断，湖南沅江地区东方田鼠携带的汉坦病毒很可能完全不同于我国已发现的汉坦病毒属中的汉滩病毒、汉城病毒、大别山病毒、北海道病毒、哈巴罗夫斯克病毒、符拉迪沃斯托克病毒，应为一新型汉坦病毒——沅江病毒。这也是国际上首次报告该病毒。  

 

张永振指出，在我国部分南方省份的个别地区，东方田鼠是主要鼠种之一。这些地区群众有食田鼠肉的习惯，深入研究监测东方田鼠携带病毒情况，有助于避免类似SARS病毒的病原微生物再次侵犯人类。

 

原文检索：Genetic analysis of hantaviruses carried by reed voles Microtus fortis in China

 

【Abstract】

To gain more insights into the epidemiology of hantaviruses in China, the hantaviral S, M and L segment sequences were recovered from two Microtus fortis captured in Shenyang and four M. fortis trapped in Yuanjiang in China. Genetic analysis revealed that Shenyang sequences are closely related to the sequences of Fusong strains of Vladivostok virus (VLAV). Interestingly, the complete S segment and partial L segment sequences from Yuanjiang were quite distinct from those of Shenyang and Fusong strains, with up to 18% nucleotide (nt) and 5% amino acid (aa) sequence divergences. The partial M segment sequences (nt 2676–3650) from Yuanjiang were even more divergent from Shenyang and Fusong sequences (>20% and 8%, respectively). On the phylogenetic trees based on the S and partial M and L segment sequences, the Shenyang strains grouped together with Fusong strains. In contrast, four Yuanjiang sequences formed a distinct group that was a sister taxon to the Vladivostok–Fusong–Shenyang group. Our data indicated that the virus carried by M. fortis in Shenyang belong to VLAV. The newly characterized sequences from Yuanjiang might represent a novel distinct hantavirus species. Our results also demonstrated the great genetic diversity and complexity of the M. fortis-associated hantaviruses in China.