油基钻井液与水基钻井液在井筒应用中的滤饼形成与颗粒侵入对比研究

《Powder Technology》：Filter cake formation and particle invasion: A comparative study of OBM and WBM in wellbore applications

本实验研究对比了油基钻井液(OBM)与两种水基钻井液(WBM)在静态和动态过滤条件下的滤失行为。研究发现，OBM在静态条件下具有更低的初始喷失(spurt loss)，表明其早期滤失控制更优；动态条件下，较高的错流流速会延迟滤饼形成，导致更深的颗粒侵入。通过X射线计算机断层扫描揭示，OBM形成的滤饼更厚但密度略低。研究强调了钻井液组成、粘度和流动条件对过滤性能的影响，为优化钻井液选择以增强井壁稳定性和减少地层损伤提供了新见解。

　　

Experimental setup

实验装置

Dynamic and static filtration tests were conducted using custom-designed setups to analyze the filtration properties of drilling fluids under different conditions. Dynamic filtration tests utilized a cross-flow filtration loop developed by [32], while static filtration tests employed a modified API filter press adapted by [35] to accommodate thicker filter disks. Fig. 1 presents schematics of both the cross-flow and static configurations.

动态和静态过滤测试使用定制设计的装置进行，以分析钻井液在不同条件下的过滤特性。动态过滤测试采用了由[32]开发的错流过滤回路，而静态过滤测试则使用了由[35]改进的API滤失仪，以适应更厚的滤盘。图1展示了错流和静态配置的示意图。

The cross-flow filtration setup, shown in Fig. 1(a),

错流过滤装置，如图1(a)所示，

Static tests

静态测试

Fig. 3 illustrates the results of the static filtration tests carried out with representative drilling fluids at a constant filtration pressure of ΔP = 700 kPa.

图3展示了在恒定过滤压力ΔP = 700 kPa下，使用代表性钻井液进行静态过滤测试的结果。

Fig. 3(a) highlights a pronounced difference in spurt loss, V₀, between filtration tests conducted with OBM and WBMs. The initial spurt loss per unit filtration area, defined as the volume collected within the first two seconds of filtration, was significantly lower for OBM compared to the WBMs. Specifically, the OBM exhibited a spurt loss

图3(a)突显了使用OBM和WBMs进行的过滤测试在喷失量V₀上的显著差异。单位过滤面积的初始喷失量（定义为过滤最初两秒内收集的滤液体积）对于OBM显著低于WBMs。具体而言，OBM表现出的喷失量...

Conclusions

结论

This study provides a comprehensive comparison of oil-based mud (OBM) and water-based mud (WBM) formulations under both static and dynamic filtration conditions. Two WBMs were selected to enable a more detailed investigation of filtration behavior: WBM-1 represents a conventional formulation with filtration control additives, while WBM-HF, which is compositionally similar but lacks these additives, allows for an isolated assessment of their impact. Several key observations have emerged

本研究对油基钻井液(OBM)和水基钻井液(WBM)配方在静态和动态过滤条件下进行了全面比较。选择了两种WBM以便更详细地研究过滤行为：WBM-1代表含有滤失控制添加剂的常规配方，而WBM-HF在组成上相似但缺乏这些添加剂，从而可以单独评估这些添加剂的影响。几个关键的观察结果已经浮现...