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综述:子痫前期的诊断与治疗:基于纳米级外泌体的临床转化研究中的进展、挑战与前景
【字体: 大 中 小 】 时间:2025年11月20日 来源:ACS Nano Medicine
编辑推荐:
高分辨率图像 Preeclampsia (PE) is a life-threatening pregnancy disorder with significant maternal and perinatal mortality. Despite decades of research, early diagnostic tools remain elusive due to heterogeneous pathophysiology and lack of reliable biomarkers. Placental exosomes, nanoscale EVs secreted by trophoblasts, carry molecular signatures reflecting placental dysfunction and are detectable as early as the first trimester. This review evaluates recent advances in exosome-based diagnostics, including isolation techniques (ultracentrifugation, SEC, TFF, microfluidics), characterization methods (NTA, EM, mass spectrometry), and emerging AI-driven multiomics platforms. Challenges include biological heterogeneity, assay standardization, and scalability, while opportunities lie in personalized risk stratification and therapeutic applications. Integration with clinical workflows and regulatory frameworks is essential for translation.
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